“沙砾威怒黄云愁”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《奉使道中寄坦师》是宋代欧阳修创作的一首诗词。以下是这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

道人少贾海上游，
A Daoist scholar, in his youth, traveled across the sea,
海舶破散身沉浮。
His ship was wrecked, and he experienced the ups and downs of life.

黄金满箧人所寄，
A chest full of gold was entrusted to him,
吹簸偶得还中州。
By chance, he managed to return to the central region.

羸身归金不受报，
Despite his impoverished state, he refused to accept the gold as a reward,
祗取斗酒相献酬。
Instead, he only requested a jug of wine as a token of appreciation.

欢娱慈母终一世，
His joy and happiness were shared with his loving mother throughout her life,
脱弃妻子藏岩幽。
He left behind his wife and secluded himself in a remote mountain.

苍烟寥寥池水漫，
The misty smoke rises, the pond water overflows,
自玉菡萏吹高秋。
The fragrance of lotus flowers fills the autumn air.

夜燃◇子煮山药，
At night, he burns incense and cooks yam,
忆此东望无时休。
Recalling the past, he gazes eastward without ceasing.

塞垣春枯积雪溜，
The border wall is withered in spring, accumulating sliding snow,
沙砾威怒黄云愁。
The gravelly terrain is fierce and the yellow clouds are melancholic.

五更匹马随鴈起，
At the fifth watch, he rides his horse, following the geese as they fly,
想见鄮郭花今稠。
He yearns to see the flourishing flowers in the town.

百年夸夺终一丘，
The glory and achievements of a hundred years ultimately amount to a single mound,
世上满眼真悠悠。
In this world, everything appears transient.

寄声万里心绸缪，
Sending his voice across thousands of miles, his heart is entangled,
莫道异趣无相求。
Do not say that different pursuits have no common ground.

这首诗词以描绘一个道人的经历为主题，表达了作者对人生的思考和感慨。诗中道人经历了海上的风雨，但他并不追求物质财富，而是以一颗平和的心态对待人生。他将黄金归还，只要求一壶酒，表达了对真情的珍视和对物质的超越。他与慈母共度欢乐，却舍弃了妻子，隐居在幽静的山中。诗中还描绘了自然景观，如苍烟、池水、山药等，以及对边塞的思念和对花的向往。最后，诗人寄托了自己的心声，表达了对人生追求的思考，认为不同的追求也可以有共同的价值。

这首诗词通过细腻的描写和深刻的思考，展现了作者对人生的独特见解和对内心世界的表达。它以简洁的语言和深邃的意境，引发读者对生命意义和价值的思考，体现了宋代文人的情感和哲学追求。

fèng shǐ dào zhōng jì tǎn shī
奉使道中寄坦师

dào rén shǎo jiǎ hǎi shàng yóu, hǎi bó pò sàn shēn chén fú.
道人少贾海上游，海舶破散身沉浮。
huáng jīn mǎn qiè rén suǒ jì, chuī bǒ ǒu dé hái zhōng zhōu.
黄金满箧人所寄，吹簸偶得还中州。
léi shēn guī jīn bù shòu bào, zhī qǔ dǒu jiǔ xiāng xiàn chóu.
羸身归金不受报，祗取斗酒相献酬。
huān yú cí mǔ zhōng yī shì, tuō qì qī zǐ cáng yán yōu.
欢娱慈母终一世，脱弃妻子藏岩幽。
cāng yān liáo liáo chí shuǐ màn, zì yù hàn dàn chuī gāo qiū.
苍烟寥寥池水漫，自玉菡萏吹高秋。
yè rán zi zhǔ shān yào, yì cǐ dōng wàng wú shí xiū.
夜燃◇子煮山药，忆此东望无时休。
sāi yuán chūn kū jī xuě liū, shā lì wēi nù huáng yún chóu.
塞垣春枯积雪溜，沙砾威怒黄云愁。
wǔ gēng pǐ mǎ suí yàn qǐ, xiǎng jiàn mào guō huā jīn chóu.
五更匹马随鴈起，想见鄮郭花今稠。
bǎi nián kuā duó zhōng yī qiū, shì shàng mǎn yǎn zhēn yōu yōu.
百年夸夺终一丘，世上满眼真悠悠。
jì shēng wàn lǐ xīn chóu móu, mò dào yì qù wú xiāng qiú.
寄声万里心绸缪，莫道异趣无相求。