“有客长年被绿蓑”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

这首诗词《题徐景颜教谕縠江渔者卷》是明代邵伯宣所作。以下是对该诗的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

柯山青浸縠江波，
有客长年被绿蓑。
钓泽偶膺多士选，
讲帷仍赋散人歌。

桃花白鹭忘机久，
莼菜鲈鱼入梦多。
迟子束书归旧隐，
水云深处一经过。

中文译文：
柯山的青色浸染了縠江的波浪，
有位客人长年穿着绿色的蓑衣。
在钓泽，偶然受到士人的选中，
讲帷仍然赋诗歌给散居之人。

桃花和白鹭已经长久地忘却了尘俗之事，
水莲和鲈鱼则常常入梦中。
迟子束书归还原来的隐居之地，
水云深处只是一瞬间的经过。

诗意和赏析：
这首诗词以自然景色和隐居者的生活为主题，描绘了柯山和縠江的美景，并通过描述客人穿着绿色蓑衣、在钓泽中受到士人欢迎等情景，表达了隐逸生活的理想和追求。作者以简洁而富有意境的语言，展示了自然与人文的和谐相融。

诗中提到的柯山和縠江都是江苏省苏州市周边的著名风景名胜区。柯山以其秀丽的山水景色和悠久的历史文化而闻名，縠江是一条穿过苏州城的河流，以其清澈的水质和迷人的风光而受到赞誉。

诗中的客人穿着绿色的蓑衣，象征着隐士的身份，长年在这美丽的自然环境中生活。他们在钓泽（或指柯山的一个钓鱼区）偶然受到士人的赏识，讲帷（指讲学的场所）仍然赋诗给散居的隐士，表现了士人和隐士之间的互动和共鸣。

桃花和白鹭被描绘为久违了尘俗之事，象征着隐士对纷扰世事的遗忘和追求宁静的心态。水莲和鲈鱼入梦多，暗示隐士对自然的热爱和对简朴生活的向往。

最后两句描述了迟子（可能是指诗中的客人）束书归还旧地，水云深处只是一瞬间的经过，表达了隐士回归隐居地的意愿和对短暂人事的淡漠态度。

整首诗以清新、淡雅的笔触展现了自然景色和隐逸生活的美好，表达了作者对自然与人文的热爱和对纷扰世事的超脱追求，体现了明代文人的隐逸情怀和追求清静自然的精神以下是《题徐景颜教谕縠江渔者卷》的英文翻译、诗意和赏析：

Poem: "Inscription on Xu Jingyan's Volume of Instruction for Fishermen on the Hu River"
Dynasty: Ming Dynasty
Author: Shao Boxuan

The green of Ke Mountain permeates the waves of the Hu River,
A guest in a green cape dwells here year after year.
In the fishing marsh, occasionally chosen by men of talent,
He still composes verses for the wandering souls.

Peach blossoms and white egrets have long forgotten worldly affairs,
Water shield and perch often enter his dreams.
Late, he binds books and returns to his old seclusion,
In the depths of water and clouds, he passes by.

Poetic Translation:
The green of Ke Mountain saturates the waves of the Hu River,
A guest has worn a green cape for many years.
In the fishing marsh, he is occasionally chosen by talented men,
Still composing verses for the wandering souls.

Peach blossoms and white egrets have long forgotten worldly matters,
Water shield and perch often appear in his dreams.
Late, he binds books and returns to his old seclusion,
Passing by in the depths of water and clouds.

Poetic Meaning and Analysis:
This poem, "Inscription on Xu Jingyan's Volume of Instruction for Fishermen on the Hu River," written by Shao Boxuan during the Ming Dynasty, depicts natural scenery and the life of a recluse. It portrays the beauty of Ke Mountain and the Hu River, expressing the ideal and pursuit of a secluded life. The author employs concise and picturesque language to showcase the harmonious integration of nature and culture.

Ke Mountain and the Hu River mentioned in the poem are famous scenic areas near Suzhou, Jiangsu Province in China. Ke Mountain is renowned for its beautiful landscapes and rich historical and cultural heritage, while the Hu River flows through Suzhou, known for its clear water and enchanting scenery.

The guest in the poem wearing a green cape symbolizes the identity of a recluse who has been living in this beautiful natural environment for many years. They are occasionally recognized by scholars in the fishing marsh (possibly referring to a fishing area in Ke Mountain), and they continue to compose poems for the wandering recluses, demonstrating the interaction and resonance between scholars and recluses.

Peach blossoms and white egrets are depicted as having long forgotten worldly affairs, symbolizing the recluse's detachment from worldly matters and their pursuit of tranquility. Water shield and perch frequently appear in their dreams, indicating the recluse's love for nature and their yearning for a simple life.

The last two lines describe the late return of the guest, possibly referring to the recluse, who binds books and returns to their old seclusion. The passing by in the depths of water and clouds implies their desire to return to their secluded dwelling and their indifference to transient worldly affairs.

The entire poem employs a fresh and elegant style to present the beauty of natural scenery and the allure of a reclusive life. It expresses the author's love for nature and culture, their pursuit of detachment from worldly affairs, and embodies the spirit of Ming Dynasty literati's yearning for seclusion and a serene connection with nature.

tí xú jǐng yán jiào yù hú jiāng yú zhě juǎn
题徐景颜教谕縠江渔者卷

kē shān qīng jìn hú jiāng bō, yǒu kè cháng nián bèi lǜ suō.
柯山青浸縠江波，有客长年被绿蓑。
diào zé ǒu yīng duō shì xuǎn, jiǎng wéi réng fù sǎn rén gē.
钓泽偶膺多士选，讲帷仍赋散人歌。
táo huā bái lù wàng jī jiǔ, chún cài lú yú rù mèng duō.
桃花白鹭忘机久，莼菜鲈鱼入梦多。
chí zi shù shū guī jiù yǐn, shuǐ yún shēn chù yī jīng guò.
迟子束书归旧隐，水云深处一经过。