“北邻刘子南邻贺”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《调北邻刘生》是宋代贺铸创作的一首诗词。以下是这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

荒园老墙百堵破，北邻刘子南邻贺。
In the desolate garden, the old walls are crumbling, with a hundred broken sections. To the north is Liu, and to the south is He.

今朝两望不相过，端怯衡阳芒屩涴。
Today, we both look at each other from a distance, unable to meet. I feel hesitant and timid, like a traveler wearing worn-out shoes in Hengyang.

吾庖无鱼未必饿，晏饭糠核烦脾磨。
Even without fish in my kitchen, I may not go hungry. I can endure eating coarse rice and husks, grinding away my troubles.

吾床何容凡物坐，书为睡媒即床卧。
My bed is not meant for ordinary objects to sit upon. Books serve as my companions, becoming my bed and pillow.

彼子刘子何所作，方学商声哦楚些，细君戛琴与之和。
What is Liu doing? He is studying the melodies of the Shang and Chu states, while the delicate lady accompanies him with her plucked zither.

相忘之乐在江湖，最灵者人情不无。
The joy of forgetting oneself lies in the rivers and lakes, where the most enlightened individuals are not devoid of human emotions.

此日可惜难再图，秋风西来莫挽吾。
Today is regrettable, as it is difficult to capture again. When the autumn wind blows from the west, do not try to hold me back.

後日相思几千里，书不尽言徒耗纸。
In the days to come, our longing will span thousands of miles. Writing cannot fully express our feelings and only wastes paper.

这首诗词描绘了贺铸与邻居刘子之间的情景和内心感受。诗人身处荒园，墙壁破败，象征着岁月的流转和生活的艰辛。他们相隔甚远，无法相见，诗人感到胆怯和犹豫。诗中表达了诗人的生活态度，他并不依赖物质享受，愿意忍受艰苦，以书籍作为精神寄托。与此同时，诗人描述了刘子和细君的琴音相和，以及江湖中相忘的快乐。最后，诗人表达了对未来的思念和无法言尽的情感。整首诗词以简洁的语言描绘了生活的困境和情感的复杂性，展现了贺铸独特的感悟和情感表达能力。

diào běi lín liú shēng
调北邻刘生

huāng yuán lǎo qiáng bǎi dǔ pò, běi lín liú zi nán lín hè.
荒园老墙百堵破，北邻刘子南邻贺。
jīn zhāo liǎng wàng bù xiāng guò, duān qiè héng yáng máng juē wò.
今朝两望不相过，端怯衡阳芒屩涴。
wú páo wú yú wèi bì è, yàn fàn kāng hé fán pí mó.
吾庖无鱼未必饿，晏饭糠核烦脾磨。
wú chuáng hé róng fán wù zuò, shū wèi shuì méi jí chuáng wò.
吾床何容凡物坐，书为睡媒即床卧。
bǐ zi liú zi hé suǒ zuò, fāng xué shāng shēng ó chǔ xiē,
彼子刘子何所作，方学商声哦楚些，
xì jūn jiá qín yǔ zhī hé.
细君戛琴与之和。
xiāng wàng zhī lè zài jiāng hú,
相忘之乐在江湖，
zuì líng zhě rén qíng bù wú.
最灵者人情不无。
cǐ rì kě xī nán zài tú,
此日可惜难再图，
qiū fēng xī lái mò wǎn wú.
秋风西来莫挽吾。
hòu rì xiāng sī jǐ qiān lǐ,
後日相思几千里，
shū bù jìn yán tú hào zhǐ.
书不尽言徒耗纸。