“紫微星宿虽潜望”的意思及全诗出处和翻译赏析

《酬和知制诰孙舍人见寄》是宋代魏野创作的一首诗词。以下是对这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

中文译文：
也知皇宋足名人，
至论谁堪继后尘。
已见世传元相制，
将闻诏写白公真。
紫微星宿虽潜望，
红药阶除岂易亲。
野客多惭惠佳句，
强酬应信废精神。

诗意：
这首诗是魏野为回应孙舍人的来信而作。诗人表达了对宋朝文人的赞赏，并充满疑问地探讨了谁有能力继承后人的风采。他已经看到世人传颂元相（可能指元好问）的才华，也听说了有关诏书写给白公真（可能指白公远）的消息。紫微星宿虽然隐藏在背后，但红药阶（可能指高宗皇帝的阶级）的人却难以亲近。诗人自谦地表示自己是一个野客，对孙舍人的优美句子感到惭愧，但还是努力回应，显示出自己不愿放弃追求卓越的精神。

赏析：
这首诗以回应孙舍人的来信为背景，通过表达对宋代文人的赞美和对自己与时代的关系的思考，展现了诗人的自省和追求卓越的精神。

诗人在开篇就表达了对宋朝文人的赞赏，认为皇宋时代有许多杰出的人才，他们的名声远扬。然而，诗人对继承这些杰出人才的问题表示疑虑，用修辞手法表达了对后继者的期待和担忧。

诗中提到了世人传颂元相的才华，可能指的是元好问，他是宋代著名的文学家和诗人。元好问以他的才华和作品给后人留下了深刻的印象。此外，诗中还提到了诏书写给白公真的消息，白公远可能是指宋代宰相白公远。这些都是代表宋代文人的杰出人物，诗人对他们的赞扬和关注凸显了对时代文化的重视。

诗人通过紫微星宿和红药阶来表达自己与时代的关系。紫微星宿是指北斗七星中的紫微星，象征着高位和威望。诗人认为自己虽然有才华，但却隐藏在背后，无法接近高位和权势的人物，暗示了自己的无奈和自我怀疑。红药阶可能指高宗皇帝的阶级，诗人认为与权势阶级的人接触并非易事，表达了他对社会现实的认识和思考。

最后，诗人自称为野客，表示自己是一个离群索居、追求自由和独立精神的人。他对孙舍人的优美句子感到惭愧，但仍然努力回应，表现出他不愿放弃追求卓越的精神。

《酬和知制诰孙舍人见寄》 is a poem written by Wei Ye during the Song Dynasty. Here is the Chinese translation, the poetic meaning, and an analysis of the poem:

Chinese Translation:
也知皇宋足名人，
至论谁堪继后尘。
已见世传元相制，
将闻诏写白公真。
紫微星宿虽潜望，
红药阶除岂易亲。
野客多惭惠佳句，
强酬应信废精神。

Poetic Meaning:
This poem is a response by Wei Ye to a letter received from Sun She Ren. The poet expresses admiration for the literary figures of the Song Dynasty and raises the question of who is capable of carrying on their legacy. He acknowledges the renowned talents of Yuan Xiang, as well as the news of an edict written for Bai Gong Zhen. While the distant stars of Zhi Wei remain hidden, it is not easy for someone to approach the high-ranking officials represented by the Red Medicine Steps. The poet, feeling inferior as a humble recluse, is humbled by the exquisite verses of Sun She Ren, but he still makes an effort to respond, demonstrating his unwavering commitment to excellence.

Analysis:
This poem is composed in response to a letter from Sun She Ren, and it reflects the poet's introspection and pursuit of excellence through the expression of admiration for the literary figures of the Song Dynasty and contemplation of his relationship with the era.

The poem begins with praise for the literary figures of the Song Dynasty, asserting that the era is abundant with renowned talents whose fame has spread far and wide. However, the poet expresses doubts about who is capable of inheriting the brilliance of these figures, employing rhetorical devices to convey both expectations and concerns regarding their successors.

The mention of Yuan Xiang, who is likely referring to Yuan Haowen, a famous literary figure and poet of the Song Dynasty, highlights his talent and the lasting impression he left on later generations. Additionally, the mention of an edict written for Bai Gong Zhen, possibly referring to Bai Gong Yuan, a prime minister of the Song Dynasty, further emphasizes the poet's admiration and attention to the cultural achievements of the era.

The poet employs the imagery of the Zhi Wei stars and the Red Medicine Steps to convey his relationship with the era. The Zhi Wei stars represent the Zhi Wei star of the Big Dipper, symbolizing high position and prestige. The poet believes that although he possesses talent, he remains hidden in the background, unable to approach those in positions of power and influence, expressing his helplessness and self-doubt. The Red Medicine Steps likely represent the class of the Emperor Gaozong, and the poet recognizes the difficulty of engaging with the elite class, demonstrating his understanding and contemplation of the social reality.

Lastly, the poet identifies himself as a recluse, emphasizing his solitude and pursuit of freedom and independent spirit. Feeling inferior in the face of Sun She Ren's exquisite verses, he still strives to respond, showcasing his unwillingness to abandon the pursuit of excellence.

chóu hè zhī zhì gào sūn shè rén jiàn jì
酬和知制诰孙舍人见寄

yě zhī huáng sòng zú míng rén, zhì lùn shuí kān jì hòu chén.
也知皇宋足名人，至论谁堪继后尘。
yǐ jiàn shì chuán yuán xiāng zhì, jiāng wén zhào xiě bái gōng zhēn.
已见世传元相制，将闻诏写白公真。
zǐ wēi xīng xiù suī qián wàng, hóng yào jiē chú qǐ yì qīn.
紫微星宿虽潜望，红药阶除岂易亲。
yě kè duō cán huì jiā jù, qiáng chóu yìng xìn fèi jīng shén.
野客多惭惠佳句，强酬应信废精神。